JAVA

This course provides students with a comprehensive study of JAVA programming language.James Gosling, Mike Sheridan, and Patrick Naughton initiated the Java language project in June 1991. Java was originally designed for interactive television, but it was too advanced for the digital cable television industry at the time. The language was initially called Oak after an oak tree that stood outside Gosling's office; it went by the name Green later, and was later renamed Java, from Java coffee. Gosling aimed to implement a virtual machine and a language that had a familiar C/C++ style of notation.

Sun Microsystems released the first public implementation as Java 1.0 in 1995.It promised "Write Once, Run Anywhere" (WORA), providing no-cost run-times on popular platforms. Fairly secure and featuring configurable security, it allowed network- and file-access restrictions. Sun renamed new J2 versions as Java EE, Java ME, and Java SE, respectively.Sun distinguishes between its Software Development Kit (SDK) and Runtime Environment (JRE) (a subset of the SDK); the primary distinction involves the JRE's lack of the compiler, utility programs, and header files.

On November 13, 2006, Sun released much of Java as free and open source software, (FOSS), under the terms of the GNU General Public License (GPL). On May 8, 2007, Sun finished the process, making all of Java's core code available under free software/open-source distribution terms, aside from a small portion of code to which Sun did not hold the copyright.There are 930 million Java Runtime Environment downloads each year and 3 billion mobile phones run Java.

JAVA language provide following features

• Strongly influenced by C++/C syntax.
• Provides the Java Native Interface and recently Java Native Access as a way to directly call C/C++ code.
• Write once, run anywhere / everywhere (WORA / WORE).
• Strongly encourages exclusive use of the object-oriented programming paradigm. Includes support for generic programming and creation of scripting languages.
• Runs in a virtual machine.
• Java is reflective, allowing metaprogramming and dynamic code generation at runtime.
• Java has a single, OS- and compiler-independent binary compatibility standard, allowing runtime check of correctness of libraries.
• All operations are required to be Bound-checked by all compliant distributions of Java. HotSpot can remove bounds checking.
• No native support for unsigned arithmetic.
• Standardized limits and sizes of all primitive types on all platforms.
• All types (primitive types and reference types) are always passed by value.
• Automatic garbage collection. Supports a non-deterministic finalize() method whose use is not recommended.
• Classes are allocated on the heap. Java SE 6 optimizes with escape analysis to allocate some objects on the stack.
• Operators are not overridable. The language overrides + and += for the String class.
• Single inheritance of classes. Supports multiple inheritance via the Interfaces construct, which is equivalent to a C++ class composed of virtual methods.

We provide facility to learn and implement their C/C++/JAVA/ORACLE programs on their favorite platforms like DOS/Windows or Linux.

JAVA LANGUAGE

• An Overview of Java
• Data Types, Variables, and Arrays
• Operators
• Control Statements
• Introducing Classes
• Methods and Classes
• Inheritance
• Packages and Interfaces
• Exception Handling
• Multithreaded Programming
• I/O, Applets
• String Handling
• Exploring java.lang
• java.util Part 1: The Collections Framework
• java.util Part 2: More Utility Classes
• Input/Output: Exploring java.io
• Networking
• The Applet Class
• Event Handling
• Introducing the AWT: Working with Windows
• Graphics, and Text
• Using AWT Controls, Layout Managers, and Menus
• Images
• New I/O, Regular Expressions, and Other Packages
• Java Beans
• A Tour of Swing
• Servlets
• Migrating from C++ to Java